Zeeshan Mir Baz has collected the information from this website:https://www.britannica.com/technology/information-processing in this article
said that:
Information processing , the acquisition, recording, organization, retrieval, display, and dissemination of
information. In recent years, the term has often been applied to computer-based operations specifically.
In popular usage, the term
information
refers to facts and opinions provided and received during the course of
daily life: one obtains information directly from other living beings,
from mass media, from electronic data banks, and from all sorts of
observable phenomena in the surrounding
environment.
A person using such facts and opinions generates more information, some
of which is communicated to others during discourse, by instructions,
in letters and documents, and through other media. Information organized
according to some logical relationships is referred to as a body of
knowledge, to be acquired by systematic exposure or study. Application
of knowledge (or skills) yields expertise, and additional
analytic or experiential insights are said to
constitute instances of wisdom. Use of the term
information
is not restricted exclusively to its communication via natural
language. Information is also registered and communicated through art
and by facial expressions and gestures or by such other physical
responses as shivering. Moreover, every living entity is endowed with
information in the form of a
genetic code.
These information phenomena permeate the physical and mental world, and
their variety is such that it has defied so far all attempts at a
unified definition of information.
Interest in information
phenomena increased dramatically in the 20th century, and today they are
the objects of study in a number of
disciplines, including philosophy, physics, biology, linguistics, information and
computer science, electronic and communications
engineering,
management science, and the social sciences. On the commercial side, the information
service industry
has become one of the newer industries worldwide. Almost all other
industries—manufacturing and service—are increasingly concerned with
information and its handling. The different, though often overlapping,
viewpoints and phenomena of these fields lead to different (and
sometimes conflicting) concepts and “definitions” of information.
This
article touches on such concepts as they relate to information
processing. In treating the basic elements of information processing, it
distinguishes between information in
analog
and digital form, and it describes its acquisition, recording,
organization, retrieval, display, and techniques of dissemination. A
separate article,
information system, covers methods for organizational control and dissemination of information.
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